단순과거 vs 현재완료 비교분석

The Simple Past vs. The Present Perfect

#단순과거 #현재완료 #비교 #영어로 #영문법

◇ed냐 have + p.p.냐 그것이 문제로다

영어권 문화는 시간에 민감하다

단순과거는 정확한 시간을 알 수 있을때

현재완료는 시간이 중요하지 않거나 정확하지 않을때 쓴다.

단순과거ed : 언제인지 콕 찝어 말함

He arrived at 4 o'clock.

I didn't do my homework yesterday.

현재완료have + p.p. : 정확히 언제인지 중요하지않아

He has already arrived.

(He has arrived 10 minutes ago.)

I haven't done my homework yet.

(I haven't done my homework yesterday.)

◇또 하나, over vs. now

단순과거 : 이미 끝난 일 over(현재와 관련이 없다)

We lived in London from 2007 to 2011.

We lived in London for 4 years.현재는 아니지만 4년동안 런던에서 살았다

현재완료 : 언젠지 모르겠거나 지금에 걸쳐 일어난일

We've lived in London since 2007.

We've lived in London for 4 years.지금까지 4년동안 런던에 산다

◇Questions

단순과거

What did you do last Sunday?

>>지난주 일요일에 뭐했니?

현재완료

What have you done?(Look what you've done.)

>>뭘한거냐? (니가 한 꼴을 봐라)

단순과거

Why were you late yesterday?

I missed the bus.

That's too bad.

현재완료

Are you on the way?

Sorry. I've missed the bus.(so I'll be late.) 버스를 놓쳤다(그래서 늦게생겼다)

All right. I'll be in a cafe then.

◇예문

나는 2년 동안 은행에서 일했다

지금 나는 선생님이다.

I worked in a bank for 2 years.

Now, I'm a teacher.

나는 은행에서 2년째 일해오고 있다

정말 즐겁게 일하고 있다

I've been working in a bank for 2 years.(I've worked in a bank for 2 years. 도 괜찮다)

I'm really enjoying it.

◇Dialogue

Jessica and Amy are talking together.

J : Have you ever been to Canada?

A : Yes. I went to Vancouver last summer.

J : How long did you stay there?

A : I stayed for six days.

J : Do you want to go there again?

A : Yes. Actually, I've just booked a flight for my next vacation.

◇연습

He took the train to Daegu 30 minutes ago.

Patrick has never been to the Taj Mahal in his life, but he'd like to go there.

When did you learn to drive?

Have you seen my laptop?

I'm sure I left it here earlier.

Is this your new car?

Yes. I bought it last month.

I've never spoken to Mr. Stevenson, but I spoke to his secretary on the phone yesterday.

난 스티븐씨와는 말해본적이 없지만, 그의 비서와는 어제 전화로 통화했어